Should I vaccinate at this time?

Hello, I am new to this website. My daughter was just recently dx with ITP right after her 12 month check up. She is up to date with all of her shots. She did get her MMR shot at her 12 month check up but I do not think that she got ITP due to that. She is due for her 15 month check up mid Sep 2011 and is supposed to be getting 4 shots. We get her blood drawn every 2 weeks and last time her platelets were at an 11. Her blood doctor does not want to medicate unless it goes below 10. So I am afraid that if we do vaccinate and she gets all 4 shots that her platelets might drop below 10. My question is should I do all the shots, or do one at a time, or say NO for NOW until her ITP gets better? I need some advice. Worried mom.

Well sit back mia, there are a lot of strong opinions here on this topic! Mine is that it's a tough decision and you'll need to gather all the available facts and opinions from sources you trust including your doctors, and balance benefits and risks. Looks like you are on top of that.

Some of us seem to have platelet reactions to vaccinations and some don't. I have a flu shot every year with no problem but have decided to forego a tetanus booster.

I see you have several approaches as options, that's great. Since I'm not a parent I'll step back now.
Best wishes and platelets - Erica

Thanks Erica.. Mia is my daughter's name. I personally myself don't have any reaction to it either.. but there is a chance that we don't know that she might. But I am not sure. It's a very hard choice.

Why not ask your doctor if there is any harm in postponing the MMR shots for a few months? If not, wait a couple of months and hope the ITP goes away on its own in the mean time.

Personally, I wouldn't want to start medicating my child because the platelet count drops temporarily due to a vaccine shot. Opinions between doctors appear to differ, there are plenty that medicate based on symptoms (e.g. anything above mild bleeding) instead of platelet counts. My son's counts have dropped to single digits without any significant bleeding.

Dear Worried Mom,

My personal opinion/suggestion would be to hold off on any and all vaccines, until you have thoroughly researched and read and become fully informed of all of the ramifications of vaccinating your child. Why are you so sure that the MMR shot had nothing to do with her developing ITP, when they occurred around the same time? There is no magical test that can be given to determine why anyone gets ITP, so really, it's all speculation, though it may be a well-considered speculation. Here's some study info from the CDC:

Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) Project Priority Studies from the CDC
www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/Activities/vsd/priority_studies.html


MMR Vaccine and ITP
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is an acquired disease that is caused by the destruction or impaired production of platelets. In children who are otherwise healthy, the acute onset of thrombocytopenia is commonly characterized as ITP. Over the last several years, there has been growing concern that the live virus MMR vaccination is associated with an increased incidence of ITP. Previous studies have demonstrated a significant risk of ITP following receipt of MMR vaccination, however they were based on small populations. To better quantify the relationship between MMR vaccination and ITP, VSD researchers are currently investigating the association in a large cohort of children. Researchers will use inpatient, outpatient, and laboratory data to identify children with a diagnosis of ITP during a specific period of time. Medical charts will then be reviewed to verify cases of ITP and collect information on vaccination history. Analyses will be performed to assess the risk of ITP following MMR vaccination.

Final analyses are currently being conducted for this study.

The link between vaccines and autoimmune diseases is being studied more carefully, as the evidence gets harder and harder to ignore:

VACCINES AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
2000 Feb;14(1):1-10.
Vaccination and autoimmunity-'vaccinosis': a dangerous liaison?
Shoenfeld Y, Aron-Maor A.
Source
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10648110

Department of Internal Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. shoefel@post.tau.ac.il
Abstract
The question of a connection between vaccination and autoimmune illness (or phenomena) is surrounded by controversy. A heated debate is going on regarding the causality between vaccines, such as measles and anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Brain antibodies as well as clinical symptoms have been found in patients vaccinated against those diseases. Other autoimmune illnesses have been associated with vaccinations [ITP is one of these]. Tetanus toxoid, influenza vaccines, polio vaccine, and others, have been related to phenomena ranging from autoantibodies production to full-blown illness (such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA)). Conflicting data exists regarding also the connection between autism and vaccination with measles vaccine. So far only one controlled study of an experimental animal model has been published, in which the possible causal relation between vaccines and autoimmune findings has been examined: in healthy puppies immunized with a variety of commonly given vaccines, a variety of autoantibodies have been documented but no frank autoimmune illness was recorded. The findings could also represent a polyclonal activation (adjuvant reaction). The mechanism (or mechanisms) of autoimmune reactions following immunization has not yet been elucidated. One of the possibilities is molecular mimicry; when a structural similarity exists between some viral antigen (or other component of the vaccine) and a self-antigen. This similarity may be the trigger to the autoimmune reaction. Other possible mechanisms are discussed. Even though the data regarding the relation between vaccination and autoimmune disease is conflicting, it seems that some autoimmune phenomena are clearly related to immunization (e.g. Guillain-Barre syndrome). The issue of the risk of vaccination remains a philosophical one, since to date the advantages of this policy have not been refuted, while the risk for autoimmune disease has not been irrevocably proved. We discuss the pros and cons of this issue (although the temporal relationship (i.e. always 2-3 months following immunization) is impressive).

Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

PMID:10648110
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

And, remember, the MMR is not the only vaccine implicated. The Hep B in infants seems it may be an even bigger problem:
From PEDIATRICS:
KAZEM SAKHA
ARMAN MALEKIAN
SAID ASLANABADI

SUMMARY: Since 1993, Iranian infants have been routinely vaccinated against hepatitis B. In the period of 1993-2002, twenty five children with infantile thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were admitted to the Childrens Medical Center in Tabriz, Iran whereas between 1982 and 1992, only two cases were hospitalized with the same diagnosis. This suggests a cause and effect relationship between hepatitis B vaccination and ITP.

ITP cases between 1982 and 1992: During the period between 1982 and 1992, when hepatitis B vaccine was not routinely administered to the Iranian infants, only two cases of ITP were found among infants at the age of six months or younger and hospitalized at the Childrens Medical Center. One of them was male at the age of 6 months and the other was female at the age of 5 months. Both had received their childhood vaccinations as scheduled.

Hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth and 1.5 and 9 months of age. Since 1993, all Iranian infants have routinely received the vaccine. The present study reveals a 12.5 fold increase (P=0.029) in the number of cases of ITP in infants less than six months of age during the first decade of routine hepatitis B vaccination as compared with the previous decade.

I am always surprised at the number of doctors who give vaccines, even when they are clearly contraindicated. If you read through here, you will see that many of the vaccines are contraindicated for people on immunosuppressants, which Prednisone and other steroids are. A number of them are also contraindicated when using IVIG.

Worried mom, I realize that your daughter is unmedicated so far, and I pray you can keep it that way. But, it does seem that for those who already have a weakness towards developing ITP, they are frequently more sensitive and prone to being triggered by things that perhaps would have no adverse affect on others. I say, don't risk it!
If you are at all inclined to doing things in a more natural way, find out about homeopathy, find a good homeopath. All of the childhood diseases can be safely and easily treated with homeopathic remedies. If there's an epidemic going around, there are also remedies that can be used prophylactically (to prevent her getting the disease.)

If you do some research into it, you will find that the serious complications come from two things:
One, by suppressing the fever or the rash. Suppressing means that rather than bringing the disease out and dispelling it through the fever and rash, instead it's driven in to deeper tissues, where it wreaks havoc.
Let the child have both, do not try to lower the fever with Tylenol, Motrin or Ibuprofen. (Some studies suggest that it's the suppression of the fever that may be more a cause of autism, than the vaccines themselves.) Do not suppress any eruptive rashes with hydrocortisone creams or any creams or lotions, for that matter. Suppressing rashes or eczema is a well-known factor in later developing asthma, a much more serious disease.
Use homeopathic remedies that will work with the body and help it to get over the disease quickly and with little discomfort. Or, use natural comfort measures like oatmeal baths or salt water rinses
(I have six kids, none vaccinated, so I am speaking from experience on this. We have had most all of the diseases.I am also a homeopath who has treated many kids, vaccinated and not vaccinated. I see time and time again that suppressing symptoms is a recipe for disaster.)

Two, do not take your child to the hospital or doctor's office, because that is where the superbug germs are! If you feel you need to go to the doctor for a diagnosis, call ahead, and insist that the doctor examine your child in the car. Quite a few will insist on this anyway, as they do not want to spread it. Don't underestimate these bugs. Because of the overuse of antibiotics, both as medicines, and in our meat and milk supplies, the viruses have been forced to mutate. It is a HUGE problem in hospitals, and if your child were to get a MRSA infection, can be very serious, even deadly. If your child has open sores from chicken pox or measles, the natural barrier of the skin is not effective, and she will be vulnerable. So, stay home, and no chicken pox parties! You do not want her exposed to any others' germs or viruses at this time.

Do not be lulled into thinking that if you DO have your child vaccinated, they are 100% safe, because they aren't. Here in San Diego, we recently had a whooping cough epidemic. Funny, as 85% of the people getting it had been fully vaccinated. I was seeing many, many kids and adults with it, long before anything was ever said about it in the media. And, now they are mandating all 7th thru 12th graders get the same, ineffective vaccine before they start school! (And, of course they never mention that you can sign a personal beliefs waiver and opt out of it for your kid. Or, that this shot may well be contraindicated for your child, medically.)

No vaccine is 100% effective. Most are woefully ineffective. One of the side effects of many of them is a mild version of what you're trying to prevent. (At least they call it a "mild version". I've heard stories of people getting the 'worst flu I've ever had' after a flu shot. The vaccines weaken your immune system, they do not enhance it. Ain't nothing in a vaccine that is health giving--in fact, virtually everything in them is highly toxic.

Also, there is actually great benefit to the child's overall health and the development of the brain, from getting the childhood infectious diseases, naturally. We do a great disservice, in my opinion, in not allowing them to have them, and to gain natural immunity. We are trading relatively mild, short diseases for chronic, auto-immune diseases or autism. We as a society, need to get our priorities straight. No one has time to stay home from work for a week, to care for their sick child, (and I do understand that), but then again, how many parents want to spend their entire lives caring for an autistic child, 3 year olds who are in too much pain to walk because of Rheumatoid Arthritis, or a 2 year old who's bleeding out of every orifice?

Contraindications (people who shouldn't be vaccinated) and side-effects From The Merck Manual (vaccine manufacturer)

Immune-Compromised People Should Not Receive Live Vaccines As they May Cause Severe Or Fatal Infections

According to the Merck manual which can be found here:

www.merck.com/mmpe/sec14/ch169/ch169b.html

Live-microbial vaccines should not be given simultaneously with blood, plasma, or immune globulin, which can interfere with development of desired antibodies; ideally, such vaccines should be given 2 wk before or 6 to 12 wk after the immune globulins.

Immunocompromised patients should not receive live-virus vaccines, which could provoke severe or fatal infections.

Immunocompromised patients should not receive live-virus vaccines, which could provoke severe or fatal infections. In patients receiving short-term (ie, < 14 days) immunosuppressive therapy (eg, corticosteroids, antimetabolites, alkylating compounds, radiation), live-virus vaccines should be withheld until after treatment.

Editor's Comment: My son was offered hydrocortisone for eczema (which I declined) - needing to defer live vaccines until after treatment has ended would mean that children with eczema shouldn't have live vaccines.

Contraindictions List From Merck For Adult Vaccines

HIB vaccine: Any anaphylactic shock to the vaccine or it's components.

Hepatitis A vaccine: Any known hypersensitivity to the vaccine.

Hepatitis B vaccine: Sensitivity to yeast.

HPV vaccine: Pregnancy and anaphylactic shock to previous dose.

Inactivated flu vaccine: high fever and allergy to egg.

Live flu vaccine spray: Previous history of Guillain-Barre Syndrome/hemoglobinopathies (blood disorders)/immuno-suppression/cardiorespiratory disorders (heart and lung complaints)/pregnancy/asthma/aspirin therapy.

IMPORTANT (VAN UK'S EMPHASIS): Live flu vaccine mist is not suitable for you if you are pregnant or have asthma or have taken aspirin.

MMR Vaccine: pregnancy/immuno-suppression/anaphylactic shock to previous dose/active TB infection/allergy to gelatin/recent treatment with immune globulin (IG).

Meningococcal vaccine: Sensitivity to thimerosal (mercury)/sensitivity to latex/history of Guillain-Barre Syndrome.

Pneumonia vaccine: Pregnancy.

DT vaccine: History of severe reaction to vaccine.

Varicella: Pregnancy/immuno-suppression/treatment with immune globulin (IG)/blood transfusion in the last 5 months/allergic reactions to neomycin or gelatine/active TB/febrile infection.

DPT/DTaP Vaccine Reactions

Adverse effects: Adverse effects are rare and are mostly attributable to the pertussis component. They include encephalopathy within 7 days; a seizure, with or without fever, within 3 days; persistent, severe, inconsolable screaming or crying for ≥ 3 h; collapse or shock within 48 h; temperature of ≥ 40.5° C, unexplained by another cause, within 48 h; and immediate severe or anaphylactic reaction to the vaccine. These reactions contraindicate further use of pertussis vaccine; combined diphtheria and tetanus vaccine is available without the pertussis component.

Mild adverse effects include redness, swelling, and soreness at the injection site.

DPT Vaccine Reactions

Adverse effects: Adverse effects are very rare. They include anaphylactic reactions, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and brachial neuritis. Mild effects include redness, swelling, and soreness at the injection site.

HPV Vaccine

Merck States:

Adverse effects: No serious adverse effects have been reported. Mild effects include redness, swelling, and tenderness at the injection site.

But this is untrue as there have been more than 9,000 adverse events reported to the FDA's Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), including 27 deaths.


Live Flu Vaccine (Nasal Spray)

Flu Vaccine Nasal Spray May Trigger Asthma

Adverse effects: Rarely, TIV has adverse effects, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, anaphylactic reactions, soreness at the injection site, and fever. Adverse effects of LAIV are unusual; they include possible triggering of asthma and transmission of the virus to unimmunized contacts.

Egg protein is used in both vaccine types; thus, the vaccine is contraindicated for people who have severe anaphylactic reactions to egg protein.

MMR Vaccine

'A Mild Infection Occurs In 15% of People Following Vaccination'

Adverse effects: A mild, noncommunicable infection occurs in 15% of vaccine recipients. Symptoms appear 7 to 11 days after immunization and include fever, malaise, and a measles-like exanthem. Mumps vaccine has adverse effects only rarely; they include encephalitis (only from a Japanese mumps vaccine strain), seizures, nerve deafness, parotitis, purpura, rash, and pruritus.

Rubella vaccine can cause joint pain, usually in the small peripheral joints 2 to 8 wk after immunization, in < 1% of infants but in ≤ 26% of women. Rash or lymphadenopathy occasionally occurs. The vaccine is not recommended for pregnant women because of the theoretic risk to the fetus. However, inadvertent administration during pregnancy does not necessarily mean a therapeutic abortion is recommended because the actual fetal risk may be nil.

With all of the vaccine formulations, local adverse effects are unusual and include soreness at the injection site.

Pneumonia Vaccine (PCV7)

Adverse effects: Adverse effects are usually mild and include fever, irritability, drowsiness, anorexia, vomiting, and local erythema.

Polio Vaccine

Preparations: Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) contains a mixture of formalin-inactivated poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3. IPV may contain trace amounts of streptomycin Some Trade Names
No US trade name
Click for Drug Monograph
, neomycin Some Trade Names
NEO-FRADIN
NEO-RX
Click for Drug Monograph
, and polymyxin B Some Trade Names
POLY-RX

. A combination vaccine with IPV, DTaP, and hepatitis B is also available. The live-attenuated oral formulation is no longer available in the US because it causes polio in about 1 of every 2.4 million people who receive the vaccine.

They state:

Adverse effects: No adverse effects have been associated with IPV. Because it may contain trace amounts of neomycin Some Trade Names
NEO-FRADIN
NEO-RX

, streptomycin Some Trade Names
No US trade name
, and polymyxin B Some Trade Names
POLY-RX

, people who are sensitive to any of these drugs may have an allergic reaction to the vaccine.

However this is untrue because other vaccine manufacturer's have stated numerous side-effects in their product information.

Varicella (Chickenpox) Vaccine

Can Cause Reyes Syndrome. A Mild Chickenpox Rash May Occur In The Month After Vaccination. 1% of Vaccinated People Can Spread Chickenpox To Others

Adverse effects: Adverse effects are minimal and include transient pain, tenderness, and redness at the injection site. Occasionally, within 1 mo of vaccination, a mild maculopapular or varicella-like rash develops. Patients who develop this rash should avoid contact with immunocompromised people until it resolves. Spread of the virus from vaccine recipients to susceptible people has been documented in < 1% of recipients but only from those who developed a rash.

Because Reye's syndrome can develop, recipients < 16 yr should avoid salicylates (This would be Aspirin) for 6 wk.

I believe Mia is not due for a MMR shot until she's like 5 again or something like that. She has gotten it at her 12 month check up. She's due for 4 shots now at her 15 month check up. She is up to date with all the other ones...

The thing is, the MMR is not the only vaccine that can cause problems. Quite frankly, there are ZERO studies done on the safety or efficacy of injecting multiple viruses, toxins, preservatives and adjuvants all at once, directly into your child's bloodstream. Not sure who came up with this brilliant idea!?
And, at 15 months, her immune system is not fully developed yet. It is very uncommon in nature to get more than one infectious disease at once. When it does happen, if they are similar in nature, the stronger one takes precedence. (I have had a couple of 80 year old patients who got measles and smallpox at the same time, and the measles disappeared, the smallpox being stronger.) Knowing that this can happen, if the purpose of the vaccines is to cause the body to produce antibodies, then how do they know that one of the vaccines won't cancel out another one? Since it has not been tested, how do they know what the consequences might be of giving these all at once? You have to consider the individual nature and sensitivity of your child, and what she's been handed down genetically.

Frankly, this is really an unknown to some extent, and you won't know until the damage has been done.
The fact that Mia developed ITP around the same time as her 12 month shots, would be a HUGE red flag for me. Some children can handle all of the shots, seemingly, (although I believe most will suffer some problems, though most parents and doctors will not recognize or acknowledge the connection.) Many of these will occur within a month or two after the shots. Or, perhaps they handled the first ones, and they continue on with them. At some point, they reach the "tipping point", and it's all too much, the immune system either breaks down or it starts attacking itself (autoimmune). Injecting vaccines directly into the bloodstream is an extremely dangerous practice, IMO. In nature, the virus enters through the mucous membranes, and there's a whole cascade of immune response that happens, well before your child develops the disease. This is a very important difference.

As a practitioner that is currently working with numerous vaccine-damaged children, it breaks my heart to know that all of this could have been prevented. And, let me tell you, it is NOT the doctors or the researchers or the pharmacists who have to deal with the aftermath. They have been given complete immunity from any responsibility.

April

As one of the parents with vaccine damaged children (one severely so) I have to agree with every word April said. I would encourage you to seriously reconsider anymore shots for her. She clearly is already showing that her immune system is damaged (ITP). Damaging it anymore with shots could lead to much worse long term consequences.

Thank you all for your helpful insight. I am not sure if Mia did get ITP due to her MMR shot but I personally feel like she was showing signs of ITP with bruising easily before she got the shot. I just missed it. And she got the shot and ten min later they drew her blood for a routine 12 month check up to check her hemoglobin and found out that her platelets were low. The doctors don't think it could had been caused with the shot just because it takes time to develop. They don't think she can develop it right away. But even if she had it before and got a shot that would weaken her immune system even more, it just doesn't make sense. In the past 3 months her platelets have been between 10-35. All of your comments have made me think a little more, so thank you for that. Doctors are all about shots on time, even her hematologist said that it's ok for her to get all of her vaccines ON TIME. So I am not sure how long Mia has had it before her 12 month check up and where she got it from but it's not easy seeing her platelets LOW.

april wrote: (I have had a couple of 80 year old patients who got measles and smallpox at the same time, and the measles disappeared, the smallpox being stronger.)

Smallpox? Oh my. I thought it had been eliminated from the world.

Hi Ann,

Since the last case of smallpox occurred in 1949 in the United States, smallpox was still a threat to anyone born prior to that. My patients were older men who grew up in an era where most everyone got the measles, and a few still got the smallpox.


SMALLPOX-DIDN’T VACCINES ERADICATE IT?

From the CDC website:
www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.asp
Smallpox outbreaks have occurred from time to time for thousands of years, but the disease is now eradicated after a successful worldwide vaccination program. The last case of smallpox in the United States was in 1949. The last naturally occurring case in the world was in Somalia in 1977.


Here is a most fascinating article on the history of the smallpox vaccine, fully documented and referenced. Interesting, entertaining, but also deeply disturbing! Give it a read to answer your question..

Smallpox: Bringing a Dead Disease Back to Life
[excerpted from the 7th ed. of The Sanctity of Human Blood]
www.thedoctorwithin.com/smallpox/smallpox-bringing-a-dead-disease-back-to-life/

April

I know about smallpox, it's an old story. So when and where did you see smallpox?

Back to the subject..

All I'd say is do be careful with your decision of whether to vaccinate. Do research the possible side effects, brain damage, blindness etc of the various infectious diseases before deciding not to vaccinate. Doctors see those which is why they are always pro-vaccination.

I'm in the process of having a course of vaccinations for Hepatitis B, last jab next week, and it doesn't seem to affect my count at all.

Ann asked:

I know about smallpox, it's an old story. So when and where did you see smallpox?

But..do you know the full story? Read the link I posted, it might give you a different perspective.

What I meant was, I have had a couple of 80+ patients who related to me that when they were kids, they had the measles, and then they got small pox, and the measles went away. Apparently 'twas not an uncommon phenomena back then.
I wasn't personally there, as I'm old, but not that old. This was just told to me during their case-taking.

But, I DO have vivid memories of standing in line at the courthouse when I was a little girl, waiting to get that big, old smallpox shot. That one HURT like crazy. I can still remember my littlest brother, probably about 4 years old, passing out in front of us. Still not sure if it was from the pain or the fright of it, or whether or not it was something in the shot itself. I remember being scared to death that they had killed him!

A few years ago, I developed Inflammatory Breast Cancer, which I treated and cured only with homeopathy. After one of the remedies that tends to bring suppressed symptoms to the surface, my old smallpox scar, which had faded away over the years, again came to the surface. It was there for a few days, the 2-pronged needle marks still visible, and it discharged some nasty-looking pus for 3 or 4 days. After that, it went away. But, a bit disturbing to see that that poison was still hanging out in my body--better out than in!

Ah, yes...back to the subject...
Ann said:

All I'd say is do be careful with your decision of whether to vaccinate. Do research the possible side effects, brain damage, blindness etc of the various infectious diseases before deciding not to vaccinate. Doctors see those which is why they are always pro-vaccination.

I'm in the process of having a course of vaccinations for Hepatitis B, last jab next week, and it doesn't seem to affect my count at all.

I agree, I think all parents should be FULLY INFORMED, but they routinely are not. I like the NVIC site for their well-researched information: www.909shot.com/ (NATIONAL VACCINE INFORMATION CENTER or NVIC)

There are more and more doctors, nurses and healthcare workers who are brave enough to stand up and speak out, to call a spade a spade. No, there are a number of doctors and nurses that are not pro-vaccination at all. In fact, many are adamantly opposed. .
If you read all of my previous posts, do not suppress fevers, rashes, diarrhea or discharges, and stay away from hospitals or doctors offices when your child is ill, because that's where all the really bad bsuperbugs are. Feed your child real food, not junk, give extra Vitamin D and keep them well-hydrated. These simple measures can prevent most complications. Ann, I know you think homeopathy is rubbish, but there are homeopaths all over the world that are healing people with it everyday.
Every week I see evidence of the devastation to families and their children that they have to live with day in and day out, caused from vaccines. I believe what I see with my own two eyes.

And, glad to hear you've not had a drop in counts from previous vaccines, but quite a few do. Besides, you are an adult with a fully developed immune system. We're talking about a baby here, undeveloped immune system, that appears to already have a bit of a glitch in it. To me, it does not seem wise to give not one, but FOUR shots at once, of which at least 1 or 2 probably have multiple viruses in them. Not to mention when you add in the depressing factor on the immune system simply from the fear and shock that so many infants/kids experience when getting vaccinated. For some, it's no big deal, but for others it makes a huge impact.

And, unless Mia's mom is regularly shooting up drugs or has a party girl lifestyle, the Hep B is likely not crucial for her at this time. (although, it can be spread through IVIG, as I know of at least one ITP child who contracted it that way, even though the doners are supposedly screened.)

Aude Sapere! Dare to Know